FIDE rating variation
The rating variations shown here have only informative purposes. They are not official variations.
Ran. | Tit. | Name | Fed. | FIDE | K | Var. | RP | FIDE ID | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | FM | Tabuenca Mendataurigoitia, Danie | CNT | 2423 | 10 | 11.70 | 2517 | 24563617 | CNT |
2 | FM | Sierra Vallina, Lionel | AST | 2411 | 10 | -11.10 | 2207 | 54559774 | AST |
3 | FM | Habans Aguerrea, Javier | NAV | 2408 | 10 | 5.00 | 2425 | 24524689 | NAV |
4 | FM | Perea Fruet, Lorenzo | AND | 2394 | 20 | -21.00 | 2226 | 24595870 | AND |
5 | FM | Salinas Tomas, Daniel | CAT | 2335 | 20 | 2.40 | 2313 | 24597716 | CAT |
6 | FM | Horcajuelo Rocamora, Martin | MAD | 2263 | 40 | 14.40 | 2279 | 24573027 | MAD |
7 | CM | Lazaro Azcutia, Miguel | MAD | 2223 | 40 | -59.60 | 2017 | 54538254 | MAD |
8 | Pardo Ruiz, Carlos | VAL | 2183 | 40 | 13.60 | 2200 | 24595748 | VAL | |
9 | Vioque Gonzalez, Nicolas | MAD | 2180 | 40 | 34.00 | 2250 | 54583063 | MAD | |
10 | Cabanas Lopez, Eduardo | GAL | 2173 | 40 | 0.40 | 2163 | 24599921 | GAL | |
11 | Martel Bruniaux, Malko | CNT | 2169 | 40 | -48.40 | 2032 | 24560871 | CNT | |
12 | Pleschke, Julius Jonas | CAN | 2165 | 40 | -55.60 | 2017 | 54734258 | CAN | |
13 | Calvo Gonzalez, Jose Felix | CTM | 2146 | 40 | -84.00 | 1955 | 54505615 | CTM | |
14 | Fernandez Climent, Albert | CAT | 2138 | 40 | -89.60 | 1920 | 24599166 | CAT | |
15 | Anguera Staina, Maxim | CAT | 2128 | 40 | 11.60 | 2149 | 54507731 | CAT | |
16 | Navarro Martinez, Victor | EXT | 2126 | 40 | 27.60 | 2174 | 54509963 | EXT | |
17 | Fernandez Ramos, Iago | GAL | 2123 | 40 | 23.60 | 2159 | 24582565 | GAL | |
18 | Fuentes Guinot, Alejandro | NAV | 2120 | 40 | 63.60 | 2259 | 24580783 | NAV | |
19 | Torres Rebolledo, Alvaro | MAD | 2120 | 40 | 32.80 | 2180 | 54587670 | MAD | |
20 | Sanz Gorospe, Ibai | CTL | 2116 | 40 | -26.80 | 2049 | 24577367 | CTL | |
21 | Clotet Mas, Dan | CAT | 2110 | 40 | -28.00 | 2042 | 24560570 | CAT | |
22 | Lorente Melcon, Maximo | ARA | 2107 | 40 | -63.20 | 1947 | 54538769 | ARA | |
23 | Lozano Casasayas, Marc | CAT | 2105 | 40 | 19.20 | 2136 | 54707668 | CAT | |
24 | Montes Molina, Ivan | CAT | 2103 | 40 | 39.60 | 2176 | 54705193 | CAT | |
25 | Tudela Gonzalez, Victor | VAL | 2099 | 40 | -50.40 | 1981 | 24528030 | VAL | |
26 | Martin Cabeza, Nicolas | AST | 2098 | 40 | -61.60 | 1917 | 54559480 | AST | |
27 | Martinez Soriano, Pablo | MUR | 2097 | 40 | 47.60 | 2187 | 24564982 | MUR | |
28 | Asensio Asensio, Nicolas | ARA | 2094 | 40 | 19.20 | 2123 | 54731801 | ARA | |
29 | Benseny Martinez, Guerau | CAT | 2076 | 40 | -13.20 | 2036 | 24597481 | CAT | |
30 | Atares Buisan, Sergio | ARA | 2072 | 40 | -43.20 | 1972 | 54731810 | ARA | |
31 | Bethencourt Hernandez, Alberto | CAN | 2065 | 40 | -31.60 | 1996 | 54539790 | CAN | |
32 | Aleksanyan Israilyan, Nicolas | CAT | 2052 | 40 | -2.80 | 2041 | 54511291 | CAT | |
33 | Sureda Gonzalez, Cristina | BAL | 2042 | 40 | -130.40 | 1748 | 24560960 | BAL | |
34 | Chicote Sagredo, Hugo | CTM | 2039 | 40 | -37.20 | 1953 | 54588260 | CTM | |
35 | Conon, Catalin | ARA | 2035 | 40 | -14.80 | 1993 | 24586846 | ARA | |
36 | Escudero Ribo, Eloi | CAT | 2034 | 40 | -67.60 | 1887 | 54770165 | CAT | |
37 | Marcos Rodriguez, Raul | CAT | 2024 | 40 | -66.40 | 1849 | 24596752 | CAT | |
38 | Gaspar Lopez, Daniel | AND | 2010 | 40 | 14.40 | 2042 | 54513030 | AND | |
39 | Cereijo Suarez, Alejandro | GAL | 2001 | 40 | 32.80 | 2072 | 24596116 | GAL | |
40 | Sierra Pena, Mario | CTL | 1989 | 40 | -27.60 | 1943 | 24579122 | CTL | |
41 | Colloridi, Dominic | AND | 1987 | 40 | -56.00 | 1875 | 54592992 | AND | |
42 | Martino Girones, Gonzalo | NAV | 1987 | 40 | -84.00 | 1814 | 24598852 | NAV | |
43 | Buzica Patrin, Teo Adrian | CTM | 1982 | 40 | -74.80 | 1821 | 24596086 | CTM | |
44 | Camps Abadia, Arnau | CAT | 1980 | 40 | -45.20 | 1883 | 54567262 | CAT | |
45 | Martinez Rodriguez, Francisco Sa | VAL | 1980 | 40 | 18.80 | 2014 | 24534714 | VAL | |
46 | Suarez Hernan, Santiago | MAD | 1980 | 40 | 14.00 | 2004 | 54588197 | MAD | |
47 | Martinez Herranz, Francisco Jose | CTM | 1974 | 40 | 14.00 | 2000 | 24598143 | CTM | |
48 | Hervada Serrano, Dario | CTL | 1969 | 40 | -52.00 | 1837 | 54529867 | CTL | |
49 | Munoz Osete, Marcos | VAL | 1969 | 40 | 111.20 | 2207 | 54542987 | VAL | |
50 | Sprenger de la Iglesia, Yevgeni | MAD | 1969 | 40 | -11.20 | 1933 | 54798175 | MAD | |
51 | Corchon Granero, Mateo | CTM | 1968 | 40 | 4.00 | 1905 | 54589690 | CTM | |
52 | Li Chen, Helena Joana | CAN | 1966 | 40 | 90.80 | 2155 | 54540046 | CAN | |
53 | Mangues Rubia, Oriol | CAT | 1963 | 40 | 84.80 | 2149 | 54521866 | CAT | |
54 | Molina Souponitskaia, Alexander | AND | 1963 | 40 | 43.60 | 2059 | 54714184 | AND | |
55 | Rubial Blanco, Heriberto | CTL | 1961 | 40 | -4.00 | 1955 | 24558818 | CTL | |
56 | Moreno Burillo, Marcos Antonio | ARA | 1959 | 40 | -22.80 | 1887 | 24587559 | ARA | |
57 | Iravedra Iankov, Francisco | ARA | 1958 | 40 | -30.00 | 1881 | 24550540 | ARA | |
58 | Teply Koutsky, David | CAT | 1956 | 40 | -2.40 | 1963 | 24597171 | CAT | |
59 | Latre Rodriguez, Javier | AND | 1947 | 40 | -24.40 | 1896 | 54524393 | AND | |
60 | Andres Iniguez, Iker | NAV | 1945 | 40 | 99.60 | 2172 | 24580740 | NAV | |
61 | Garcia Trabanca, Ana | MAD | 1944 | 40 | -114.80 | 1697 | 54554071 | MAD | |
62 | Luca Bicos, Cristian | CNT | 1941 | 40 | -94.40 | 1733 | 54770475 | CNT | |
63 | Deusa Ballesteros, Lucas | VAL | 1936 | 40 | 90.80 | 2123 | 54535964 | VAL | |
64 | Sarasketa Irastortza, Oier | EUS | 1936 | 40 | 50.80 | 2037 | 54728207 | VAS | |
65 | Lara Mezcua, Alonso | CTM | 1934 | 40 | -4.40 | 1906 | 54593115 | CTM | |
66 | Tafall Villanueva, Iker | EUS | 1930 | 40 | 62.80 | 2052 | 54726433 | VAS | |
67 | Tarrago Plaza, Marc | CAT | 1930 | 40 | -67.60 | 1782 | 54578990 | CAT | |
68 | Molina Ortega, Carlos | MUR | 1925 | 40 | -45.60 | 1815 | 24533122 | MUR | |
69 | Torres Rebolledo, Marcos | MAD | 1924 | 40 | 57.60 | 2037 | 24594423 | MAD | |
70 | Lorente Melcon, Hector | ARA | 1922 | 40 | -40.00 | 1829 | 54545013 | ARA | |
71 | Revuelta Blanco, Daniel | CTL | 1920 | 40 | 13.20 | 1946 | 54592623 | CTL | |
72 | Ainsa Jimenez, Lucas | VAL | 1917 | 40 | -39.60 | 1825 | 54740185 | VAL | |
73 | Gomez Salva, Roberto | AND | 1916 | 40 | 60.40 | 2041 | 24593397 | AND | |
74 | Vecillas Rey, Daniel | CTL | 1916 | 40 | 22.80 | 1980 | 54702275 | CTL | |
75 | Esparza Toni, Aitor | NAV | 1913 | 40 | 9.20 | 1927 | 54588600 | NAV | |
76 | Dominguez Martinez, Nicolas | BAL | 1912 | 40 | -88.40 | 1725 | 54557640 | BAL | |
77 | Lunin Bohomolets, Iliia | CAT | 1912 | 40 | 47.60 | 2021 | 94731918 | CAT | |
78 | Rivero Tacoronte, Gabriel | CAN | 1909 | 40 | -13.60 | 1862 | 24579580 | CAN | |
79 | Asensio Miranda, Carlos | EXT | 1903 | 40 | -16.40 | 1858 | 54525659 | EXT | |
80 | Sanz Pueyo, Adrian | ARA | 1900 | 40 | 25.60 | 1965 | 54726506 | ARA | |
81 | Roman Verdier, Alberto | AND | 1899 | 40 | -74.40 | 1732 | 94780102 | AND | |
82 | Arnedo Vigueras, Miguel | MAD | 1898 | 40 | -56.80 | 1766 | 54736722 | MAD | |
83 | Mena Lorente, Luis | CEU | 1896 | 40 | -52.40 | 1777 | 24593427 | CEU | |
84 | Jaime Galeano, Alcher | ARA | 1895 | 40 | 86.80 | 2069 | 54573750 | ARA | |
85 | Pinyol i Llora, Julia | CAT | 1895 | 40 | 14.00 | 1913 | 24596027 | CAT | |
86 | Prochaieva, Alina | AST | 1892 | 40 | -2.00 | 1874 | 14199254 | AST | |
87 | Sanchez Perez, Adrian | AND | 1889 | 40 | -105.20 | 1651 | 94782059 | AND | |
88 | Romero Barkouk, Rayan | VAL | 1870 | 40 | 20.00 | 1904 | 54584922 | VAL | |
89 | Bombin Martinez, Eder | EUS | 1867 | 40 | -82.80 | 1673 | 54737311 | VAS | |
90 | Junquera Guerrero, David | AST | 1866 | 40 | -20.40 | 1810 | 24576310 | AST | |
91 | Menendez Perez, Miguel | AST | 1862 | 40 | 98.80 | 2059 | 54541220 | AST | |
92 | Moreno Peinado, Julian Salvador | CTM | 1862 | 40 | -8.40 | 1829 | 54586917 | CTM | |
93 | Rubio Sureda, Alejandro | CTM | 1862 | 40 | 2.80 | 1847 | 54791987 | CTM | |
94 | Burgui Bueno, Juan | RIO | 1858 | 40 | 57.60 | 1971 | 24582654 | RIO | |
95 | Salord Guillen, Joan | BAL | 1851 | 40 | 13.60 | 1866 | 54512743 | BAL | |
96 | Tafall Villanueva, Gorka | EUS | 1844 | 40 | 0.40 | 1854 | 54726212 | VAS | |
97 | Martinez Manrique, Jaime Rodrigo | MAD | 1840 | 40 | -84.40 | 1676 | 54789230 | MAD | |
98 | Rodriguez Canovas, Elena | MUR | 1837 | 40 | 19.20 | 1900 | 24596175 | MUR | |
99 | Lara Mezcua, Hector | CTM | 1834 | 40 | 43.20 | 1896 | 54726280 | CTM | |
100 | Galiana Fernandez, Hector | VAL | 1833 | 40 | -68.00 | 1704 | 24581666 | VAL | |
101 | Cesar Maestre, Eduardo | AND | 1826 | 40 | 2.00 | 1846 | 24542555 | AND | |
102 | Mulet Durango, Carolina | AST | 1823 | 40 | 30.40 | 1902 | 24576468 | AST | |
103 | Colloridi, Catalina | AND | 1819 | 40 | 18.40 | 1867 | 54593000 | AND | |
104 | Prochaieva, Tina | AST | 1819 | 40 | 0.80 | 1829 | 34101748 | AST | |
105 | Vardanyan Asilbekyan, Ani | CAT | 1816 | 40 | -4.00 | 1813 | 54720036 | CAT | |
106 | Cereijo Suarez, Nerea | GAL | 1813 | 40 | 150.80 | 2139 | 24596124 | GAL | |
107 | Gomez Parrado, Angel | BAL | 1809 | 40 | 103.20 | 2031 | 94730172 | BAL | |
108 | Carrasco Gomez, Adahara | CAT | 1807 | 40 | -44.00 | 1720 | 54500974 | CAT | |
109 | Oubina Pazos, Cesar | GAL | 1806 | 40 | 42.40 | 1898 | 54544386 | GAL | |
110 | Oubina Pazos, Ricardo | GAL | 1800 | 40 | 2.80 | 1813 | 54544394 | GAL | |
111 | Fernandez Escabia, Victor | CAT | 1799 | 40 | 7.20 | 1816 | 54720222 | CAT | |
112 | Morales Anadon, Tomas | ARA | 1798 | 40 | -61.60 | 1676 | 54574102 | ARA | |
113 | Diz Lorono, Irene | GAL | 1795 | 40 | -23.20 | 1754 | 54558140 | GAL | |
114 | Bosch Carrera, Laia | CAT | 1790 | 40 | -7.60 | 1784 | 54700582 | CAT | |
115 | Latre Rodriguez, Francisco | AND | 1779 | 40 | -27.20 | 1723 | 54524385 | AND | |
116 | Murcia Vivancos, Tomas | MUR | 1775 | 40 | 34.80 | 1856 | 54536570 | MUR | |
117 | Sanchez Lake, Alvaro | VAL | 1774 | 40 | 44.80 | 1873 | 54562325 | VAL | |
118 | Fernandez Aguado, Marcos | MAD | 1770 | 40 | 86.00 | 1958 | 54503825 | MAD | |
119 | Moreno Burillo, Maria | ARA | 1770 | 40 | 37.20 | 1860 | 54727065 | ARA | |
120 | Azimov Azimova, Daniel | AND | 1768 | 40 | 62.00 | 1895 | 523054301 | AND | |
121 | Palomo Monserrat, Lorenzo | MAD | 1768 | 40 | 157.20 | 2123 | 54730180 | MAD | |
122 | Prochaieva, Yelyzaveta | AST | 1767 | 40 | -5.60 | 1748 | 34101764 | AST | |
123 | Dieguez Novoa, Pura | GAL | 1761 | 40 | 16.00 | 1801 | 1949403 | GAL | |
124 | Esparza Toni, Angel | NAV | 1760 | 40 | -17.60 | 1722 | 54588618 | NAV | |
125 | Sgibnev Huayllani, Daniel Vladim | ARA | 1758 | 40 | 20.40 | 1807 | 54576970 | ARA | |
126 | Toquero Gracia, Laura | CAT | 1757 | 40 | 5.20 | 1774 | 24544230 | CAT | |
127 | Prochaieva, Olha | AST | 1754 | 40 | 6.00 | 1767 | 34101756 | AST | |
128 | Rodriguez Dogmoch, Kyran | AND | 1747 | 40 | 101.20 | 1989 | 54758017 | AND | |
129 | Menoyo Garcia, Leire | EUS | 1745 | 40 | 48.00 | 1850 | 94726914 | VAS | |
130 | Lorca Sanchez, Manuel | MUR | 1744 | 40 | 70.40 | 1895 | 54717620 | MUR | |
131 | Otero Porcel, Yago | AND | 1744 | 40 | 42.80 | 1835 | 54733936 | AND | |
132 | Llorente Bombin, Guillermo | CTL | 1738 | 40 | 46.80 | 1839 | 54537215 | CTL | |
133 | Blanco Barrios, Aitana | MAD | 1737 | 40 | 40.80 | 1827 | 54549302 | MAD | |
134 | Martinez Echezarreta, Miguel | CNT | 1721 | 40 | 70.40 | 1875 | 94729581 | CNT | |
135 | Carrasco Gomez, Ariadna | CAT | 1720 | 40 | -7.60 | 1709 | 54501083 | CAT | |
136 | Sanchez Sevilla, Oscar | MAD | 1719 | 40 | 5.60 | 1726 | 54563666 | MAD | |
137 | Bilbao-Goyoaga Gutierrez, Ander | EUS | 1716 | 40 | -142.40 | 1415 | 94787000 | VAS | |
138 | Garcia Lopez, Mireia | MAD | 1712 | 40 | -57.60 | 1592 | 94738858 | MAD | |
139 | Ruiz Garcia, Enri | CTL | 1710 | 40 | -14.00 | 1679 | 54734355 | CTL | |
140 | Nieto Foresti, Julian | BAL | 1707 | 40 | 54.00 | 1805 | 54509971 | BAL | |
141 | Hladiy, Mark | VAL | 1689 | 40 | -9.20 | 1692 | 54705380 | VAL | |
142 | Arroyo Ruiz, David | RIO | 1683 | 40 | 6.00 | 1713 | 94787751 | RIO | |
143 | Pena Montenegro, Mateo | GAL | 1682 | 40 | 70.80 | 1850 | 54776775 | GAL | |
144 | Vallina Menendez, Marcos | AST | 1680 | 40 | -3.60 | 1682 | 54702313 | AST | |
145 | Cebolla Ruiz, Anna | VAL | 1678 | 40 | 66.00 | 1833 | 54532183 | VAL | |
146 | Peco Moreno, Jaime | CTM | 1676 | 40 | 22.80 | 1729 | 54770386 | CTM | |
147 | Enjuto Breton, Miguel | CTL | 1673 | 40 | -22.40 | 1633 | 54702208 | CTL | |
148 | Guzman Fuentes, Encarna | VAL | 1655 | 40 | 48.80 | 1768 | 54703280 | VAL | |
149 | Martinez Arroyo, Fernando | ARA | 1652 | 40 | -9.20 | 1645 | 24587664 | ARA | |
150 | Quintana Saez, Diana | VAL | 1649 | 40 | 18.40 | 1693 | 24581640 | VAL | |
151 | Salas Giralda, Luca | NAV | 1649 | 40 | -19.60 | 1622 | 24596213 | NAV | |
152 | Ramos Redondo, Nayeli | ARA | 1647 | 40 | -10.80 | 1629 | 54574340 | ARA | |
153 | Olias Rincon, Ines | CTM | 1646 | 40 | 54.80 | 1789 | 54589967 | CTM | |
154 | Rios Valle, Daniel | VAL | 1646 | 40 | -38.80 | 1570 | 54703077 | VAL | |
155 | Merino Aceituno, Daniel | AND | 1630 | 40 | -50.80 | 1532 | 54726417 | AND | |
156 | Brito Baranda, Markel | CAN | 1629 | 40 | -55.20 | 1521 | 54706068 | CAN | |
157 | Gomez Prieto, Alonso | MAD | 1621 | 40 | 2.80 | 1638 | 54735483 | MAD | |
158 | Hernandez Lopez, Sandra | AND | 1615 | 40 | -29.60 | 1536 | 54577209 | AND | |
159 | Garcia Gonzalez, Angela | MAD | 1614 | 40 | -42.40 | 1529 | 54712394 | MAD | |
160 | Brito Baranda, Irene | CAN | 1613 | 40 | -33.20 | 1561 | 54706050 | CAN | |
161 | Tirado Garcia, Vicente | MAD | 1606 | 40 | -26.40 | 1557 | 94799059 | MAD | |
162 | Garcia Modrego, Victoria | ARA | 1604 | 40 | -31.20 | 1552 | 54774470 | ARA | |
163 | Perez Andres, Javier | CTM | 1604 | 40 | -83.20 | 1399 | 94710783 | CTM | |
164 | Gomis Morales, Ian | MAD | 1602 | 40 | 73.20 | 1765 | 94744556 | MAD | |
165 | Leal Hidalgo, Rodrigo | CTL | 1590 | 40 | 71.60 | 1750 | 94778132 | CTL | |
166 | Perez Azanza, Irati | NAV | 1587 | 40 | 3.60 | 1603 | 54506506 | NAV | |
167 | Garcia Medina, Gabriel | AND | 1585 | 40 | -9.20 | 1570 | 94710740 | AND | |
168 | Ortega Segovia, Javier | CTM | 1583 | 40 | -46.40 | 1492 | 54547822 | CTM | |
169 | Sanz Santo-Tomas, Ivan | CTL | 1576 | 40 | 1.20 | 1585 | 54744431 | CTL | |
170 | Garcia Pascual, Christian | AND | 1569 | 40 | 70.80 | 1730 | 94753164 | AND | |
171 | Barcia Vazquez, Santiago | GAL | 1566 | 40 | 83.60 | 1782 | 54568200 | GAL | |
172 | Labiano Hernandez, Maria | NAV | 1560 | 40 | 12.00 | 1611 | 54506689 | NAV | |
173 | Fernandez Arnau, Juan | CTM | 1552 | 40 | -49.60 | 1436 | 54590540 | CTM | |
174 | Sierra Pena, Alberto | CTL | 1549 | 40 | -34.00 | 1486 | 54537240 | CTL | |
175 | De Solaun Bouza, Noel | GAL | 1539 | 40 | -57.60 | 1416 | 54568188 | GAL | |
176 | Gonzalez Bravo, Sofia | CTL | 1538 | 40 | 53.20 | 1666 | 54583187 | CTL | |
177 | Martin Juste, Guillermo | CTL | 1532 | 40 | 119.60 | 1882 | 94733430 | CTL | |
178 | Blasco Barriuso, Jaime | CTL | 1525 | 40 | 10.40 | 1557 | 54571359 | CTL | |
179 | Garuz Casado, Maria | CTL | 1509 | 40 | -59.20 | 1328 | 54780926 | CTL | |
180 | Ruiz Garcia, David | CTL | 1496 | 40 | -42.00 | 1351 | 54734363 | CTL | |
181 | Mordvintseva, Daria | CTL | 1464 | 40 | -55.60 | 1340 | 94793328 | CTL | |
182 | Palomares Cortez, Tabata Sofia | CTM | 1462 | 40 | 52.40 | 1622 | 54579791 | CTM | |
183 | Jular Ayala, Lucas | CTL | 1459 | 40 | -31.60 | 1386 | 94778140 | CTL | |
184 | Aguado Doncel, Blanca | BAL | 1454 | 40 | -34.00 | 1346 | 24555444 | BAL | |
185 | Falcon Ibanez, Sarai | RIO | 1454 | 40 | -26.80 | 1396 | 54542782 | RIO | |
186 | Buzica Patrin, Geoger Daniel | CTM | 1452 | 40 | -17.60 | 1430 | 54727928 | CTM | |
187 | Sierra Pena, Ignacio | CTL | 1452 | 40 | -2.80 | 1455 | 54736633 | CTL | |
188 | Arrupe Alkorta, Mikel | EUS | 1446 | 40 | -13.60 | 1418 | 54542758 | VAS | |
189 | Monroy Sanchez, Lara | EXT | 1431 | 40 | 48.80 | 1575 | 54782392 | EXT | |
190 | Dieguez Novoa, Laura | GAL | 1421 | 40 | -9.60 | 1402 | 54581567 | GAL | |
191 | Montero Pascual, Gonzalo | MAD | 0 | 40 | 0.00 | 1324 | 94798567 | MAD |